This blog is a personal take on Listowel, Co. Kerry. I am writing for anyone anywhere with a Listowel connection but especially for sons and daughters of Listowel who find themselves far from home. Contact me at listowelconnection@gmail.com

Tag: emigration Page 3 of 4

St. Vincent de Paul shop, emigration and people at Vintage Day 2013

I met these 3 lovely ladies in the St. Vincent de Paul shop on Thursday last. Tina, Helen and Eileen do great work. Take a bow, ladies.

The very next day I was in the shop again and I took this photo of Pat Dea who is their invaluable helper in the watch and clock department. He was returning a clock that he had restored to working order.

Pictured with Pat are volunteers, Eileen O’Sullivan, Mary Sobieralski and Hannah Mulvihill.

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Here we go again

Roadworks on the Tralee to Listowel Road on May 9 2013. It’s all good news though, as this time I was diverted onto a stretch of the new road. The journey to Tralee from Listowel is getting shorter and more enjoyable.

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Bridge Street, Newcastlewest 1900

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Sunday last, May 12 2013 was Mothers’ Day in the U.S. Sean Carlson, whose mother hails from Moyvane, wrote this lovely article in USA Today;

My grandmother gave birth to 16 children over the course
of 24 years.

            Growing up, my grandmother talked
about becoming a teacher.

            Instead, she gave instruction in a
different way: a living example of love and perseverance.


When I was
twelve, my mom and I often shared a cup of tea when I arrived home from school,
just as if she were still living in Ireland. Listening to her recount memories
of her childhood there, I told her that someday I would write her story.
“What story?” she said. “If there is a story to share, it
belongs to my mother, your grandmother, Nell.”

Her
mother, my grandmother, Nell Sheehan, lived her entire life in the rural
southwest of Ireland. In a different time and a different place over the course
of 24 years, from age 23 until 47 she gave birth to 16 children — eight
daughters, eight sons, no twins. My mom was the 15th.

Motherhood
may have been her calling but growing up, my grandmother had done well in
school and talked about becoming a teacher. That option ended with her
marriage, as such jobs were scarce and available either to single women or male
heads of households, but not allowed to be hoarded by two workers in the one
family. Instead, she gave instruction in a different way: a living example of
love and perseverance.

Although
unable to pursue the possibility of a career outside the farmhouse where she
settled, she insisted that her daughters receive an education or other chances
for advancement. The local primary school, a simple building with two
classrooms, stood within walking distance at the top of the lane. The boys
often stopped attending on account of the farm work. Most of the girls,
however, continued their education. Their mother wanted her daughters to have
opportunities in their lives.

By
encouraging them to spend time away, the irony was that she destined her girls
for elsewhere. With bleak economic prospects at the time, little choice
remained for them to stay. One after another, they left home — almost all of
them for the United Kingdom or the United States. Every night, their mother
prayed for their protection.

Despite
the distance, the mother-child relationship stayed strong through the letters
they wrote: accounts of life in new lands, photographs of grandchildren born
abroad. In this way, my mom learned about many of her sisters and brothers. Her
mother held the notepaper close to her chest, near to her heart, savoring the
words as if the sender were present with her there on the page as well. Then,
she read them aloud to her husband and those still at home.

Almost
every envelope included a portion of their earnings as well. How difficult it
is today to imagine enclosing 20% of a weekly salary. Yet, this is what the
children often did for their mother, pleased to think of her being able to buy
fresh tomatoes as a treat or perhaps a haircut in town. After the arrival of
electricity in the area, her oldest son and daughter-in-law bought her even
greater gifts that transformed her life in the home: a washing machine and
later a stove.

My mom
followed in the footsteps of her siblings. Shortly before turning 17, she went
to London with her sister. Whenever she returned home afterwards, traveling by
train, car and ferry, her mom greeted her at the front door of the thatched
farmhouse, so eager for her arrival. Walking her daughter into her room, she sat
on the bed and tapped her hand against the mattress, saying, “tell me all
that has happened since you left.” My mom would then recount the latest
from her sisters and brothers, as well as her experiences away from home.

As her
daughters grew up, my grandmother sometimes confided that she looked forward to
the day when they would return to live nearby, hopefully raising families of
their own near her, able to visit as she aged. Although they didn’t come back
for good, still they remained close. They may have left, but their mother was
with them wherever they went.

A few
years ago, I found a cassette recording from a distant cousin in Florida who
has since passed away. On one of his visits to Ireland decades earlier, he
recorded a conversation with both of my grandparents. As my mom listened to her
mother’s voice for the first time in more than 30 years, the tears came.
Memories flooded back, reminders of the imprint of a mother.

Like every
year, they are there on Mother’s Day. They are there every day.

Sean Carlson
is completing a book about emigration through the lens of his mother’s
experiences, from Ireland to London and the United States.

(This story will be familiar to so many others. I have heard other versions of it recounted in my knitting group by some of those lucky enough to make their way back home, sadly not before the mothers they left behind had passed on.)

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Some people I snapped on Vintage Monday

4 Generations of Barretts

Anthony and Nuala McAulliffe and Jim Halpin

 4 Bombshell Belles

Dan Neville ready for road

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Ballybunion at night courtesy of Ballybunnion Sea Angling

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John Kelliher took the Knockanure communicants  on their big day.

Emigration

Remember this legend?

Paddy Hopkirk rallying in 1969

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1968

The changing face of emigration     (from the Irish Times)

Only 40 per cent of the present
generation of Irish emigrants intend to return toIreland, according to new research.

The feelings of new Irish emigrants
amounts to a “vote of no confidence to live and work and make your future in
Ireland”, a conference entitled Irish Migration Today and Yesterday ,
held inTrinity CollegeDublin was told.

The Emigrate Project, based in UCC,
is conducting a survey among 2,200 Irish households to determine where the hot
spots for emigration are,

The centre has so far received more
than 700 responses from emigrants who grew up in the households surveyed.

Dr Piaras Mac Éinrí, an expert on
migration at UCC, said that although the survey was only half completed, some
significant trends had emerged.

Only 40 per cent expected to return
to Ireland at some stage and just 21 per cent of those who had emigrated expect
to return within three years.

In addition, 60 per cent of those
who emigrated were already in employment, but still felt their future did not
lie in Ireland. “It has to do with a very bleak estimate of the prospect of
advancements. They may have jobs, but they don’t think they have great
prospects,” he said.

ESRI economist Prof John FitzGerald
said Irish people tended to think of emigration as a disaster, but it had been
a success story.

One-third of all emigrants who came
back to Ireland, according to one census, had third-level education and they
brought skills with them from abroad. They enjoyed a 7 per cent wage premium
like-for-like with their Irish counterparts who never went abroad.

He said the recession could be
looked at as a “great training programme” and beneficial to the Irish economy
as long as the emigrants came back at some stage.

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A garda questions travellers on their way to Ballinasloe horse fair

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Do you remember last week’s story about daring thieves leaving ciphers on properties to alert other burglars to the properties’ potential. This graphic was circulated by Devon police, apparently. If you see any of the other signs, rub them out and replace with the one on the right second from the bottom.

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Brosnan’s Bakery and Confectionery, Ballybunion

Emigration, Luzveminda O’Sullivan and golfers

This absolutely beautiful postcard of The Square I found in John Kelliher’s website.

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On this site you can select any country and see how its people settled across the U.S. Fascinating!

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/03/10/us/20090310-immigration-explorer.html?hp

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Homesickness, an emigrant’s burden, here:

http://www.thejournal.ie/readme/homesickness-irish-emigrants-569743-Aug2012/?utm_source=shortlink

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Sign spotted in the Five Lamps area of Dublin.

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Luzveminda O’Sullivan being congratulated by her Kerry
grandmother after she had been crowned Rose of Tralee in 1998. Luzveminda’s
father, Sean O’Sullivan worked for Bord na Mona in Mayo. Luzveminda’s
mother Florita came from the Philippines to work in Mayo and met Sean. They
fell in love on top of Croagh Patrick and got married in 1976. Her
grandmother’s brother, Jack Myres, won All Ireland Senior football medals with
Kerry in 1937, 1939, 1940 and 1941.

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Ryder cup golfers, Poulter, McDowell, McIlroy and Westwood suited and booted for a promotional shot yesterday.

Emigration, Bunny Dalton and the final chapter of the handball history

These figures tell a sad story.

Many of their descendants now are out there looking for their roots and they are learning these 5 golden rules of genealogy:

#1 Leave no stone unturned, unless
it is a headstone.

#2 Handwriting legibility is
inversely proportionate to a document’s importance.

#3 The further away a cemetery or
library is, the more awkward the opening hours will be.

#4 The relative you most need to
talk with is the one whose funeral you are currently attending.

#5 Wherever you find two or more
siblings, there also will you find two or more surname spellings.

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http://homealoneinireland.wordpress.com/2012/07/16/lets-talk-about-emigration/

Good blog about emigration “by the last guy left”.

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 It was not unusual for newspapers in far flung places to report a bit of Irish news. The above comes from New Zealand Tablet, June 5 1855.

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The book that everyone is talking about!

This is how the 2 sequels were displayed in Dubray Books in Dublin.

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An old picture from Ballybunion of the Bunny Dalton Band.

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Handball…the final installment

Membership dropped over the following years but there
was one notable development

 that took
place roughly around 1969/1970.

The committee were approached by Mr. Bill Kearney who
asked would the club allow

a few pitch and putt holes to be placed in the Alley
ground. He wanted a base in

which to commence a pitch and putt club for the town.

Mr. Kearney himself acted as secretary, Mr. John Joe
Kenny as Chairman and Mr. Jnr

Griffin as treasurer.  

It proved to be dangerous area for pitch and putt as
many golf balls were struck

over the wall on to the main road.  If the traffic then was as heavy as it is
now, serious

damage could have been done.

However, Mr. Kearney used this to his advantage when
he approached the Town

Council to include a pitch and putt course in the
Town Park (Cows Lawn). A nine hole course was granted to  Mr. Kearney 
and thus, the Listowel Pitch and Putt Club was formed. Indeed, two men,
John Joe Kenny and Kevin Sheehy who were stalwarts of the handball club for
years gave wonderful service to the Pitch and Putt Club for

many years to follow.

A new generation off handball lovers came on the
scene including the likes of Denny

O’Connor, Eddie and Mike Broderick, Charlie Nolan,
Tony Stack, Jerh Loughnane,

Con Gorman, Tony O’Neill, Jimmy Canty and others  but the building of the new

community centre in the town park in the mid eighties
“drew” away from the old

Alley and handball ceased to be played there.

The new centre which had an enclosed 40ft by 20 ft
handball alley did cater for

handball enthusiasts 
but as there was no structure of a club it never really took

off so both the handball and squash courts were
utilised for other purposes.

In the years of 2008-2009, John Griffin (Junior),
being the only surviving trustee,

 and with no
handball committee formed for many years, and following the  advice

from former members, decided to sign over the alley
ground, which was purchased

by the handball committee in 1962, to the safe
keeping of the Listowel Town

Council.  This
was done through the good offices of Pierse-Fitzgibbon, Market

Street, Listowel with the one request that if at any
time in future years the

handball club will be reformed that the Council will
facilitate the committee in

every way possible if they are looking for a site to
build a new handball alley. 

Strangely, though the Alley ground was legally signed
over to the Town Council three

or four years ago, this transaction has still to be
acknowledged by the Council or the

Council office

John
(Junior) Griffin)

The above is a brief history of the Listowel Handball Club. As I was
engaged in

compiling the history of another sporting organisation over the past
two years I

had not the time to research as much as I would have liked to of the
Listowel

Handball Club.

My sincere apologies if I have omitted names of people who would
have given

their time to the club, before or after my years.

As mentioned there was but the one minute book available which
happened to be in

my own possession.

Just to advise that I have all the above saved and if
anyone can add more to the club’s

history please feel free to contact me.

Hopefully, the wonderful game of handball will return
again in all it’s glory to the

town of Listowel.

Junior

 Our very sincere thanks is due to Junior for compiling this history and for sharing it with us. I know that many people enjoyed it  and would love to hear more. If any reader has any stories about handball or indeed about anything else of interest to people with a Listowel connection I would only be too delighted to post it here. 

Emigration in the 19th century

One of the features of Blogger, this is the blogging tool I use to write these internet musings, is that I can see where my readers are based. I don’t know who is reading my blog but I do know where in the world they are located. Obviously, most of my readership is in Ireland. After that the U.S. is the principal location for my readers. But my pageview figures for Australia are growing daily. This tells me something about emigration patterns then and now.

An interesting aside is that I seem to have a loyal following in Russia with an average of 5 views per day. I’d love to know the identity of these people and what, if any,  their Listowel connection is.

Now back to emigration to the U.S.

Emigrants usually left from Queenstown, now Cobh.

It was the custom to hold an american wake for the departing emigrants. This account is from Maggie Land Blanck

The American Wake

There were mixed feelings in Ireland about immigration. On the one hand
it offered greater opportunity to the sons and daughters who would not have
been able to marry and have families in Ireland and who would go off to seek
their fortunes in a new world. On the other hand it meant that they would never
see their parents again.

The words of the Irish immigration song The Shores of Americay
indicate this clearly:

It’s
not for the love of gold I go, and it’s not for the love of fame,

But
fortune might smile on me , and I might win a name.

But
yet it is for gold I go, o’er the deep and raging foam,

To
build a home for my own true love on the shores of Americay.

And
if I die in a foreign land, from my home and friends far away,

No
kind mother’s tears will flow o’er my grave on the shores of Americay.

Because the trip was so long and difficult there was little chance that
the emigrant would return to Ireland. This was equated on the part of the
family left in Ireland as being as good as dead and a custom arose to hold a
wake for the departing emigrant.

The custom of sitting up all night with the dead until the burial the
next morning (called “waking” or “watching”) was an ancient
practice in Ireland. Irish wakes were a mixture of sadness and gaiety, often
combined with drinking.

It is not know when the “American Wake” came into being, but
it was practiced at least as early an 1830. It became more popular as
immigration increased and was particularly popular in the west of Ireland. To
the Gaelic speakers in Mayo it was known as the “feast of departure”.

The emigrant made the rounds of friends and neighbors in the week
preceding his departure to let them know he/she was leaving and to extend an
informal invitation to the “wake”. The “wake” started in
the evening before the emigrant was to depart and lasted until the early hours
of the next morning.

In the early days the wakes were sober affairs since many people did not
have money to serve refreshments. They were occasions to give advice to the
emigrant and to ask him/her to give messages to loved ones and family members
already in America. As time went on the wakes took on more of a party
atmosphere with food, drink, dancing, and music. In some cases the entire
expense for the “American wake” was sent from America along with the
sailing ticket by relatives already in America.

The night was a mixture of gaiety and sadness. There were bouts of
crying and keening (caoine meaning to wail or lament). Sad ballads about
the difficulties of departing and the hard life of the immigrant were sung.

When morning came the emigrant said good bye to his parents. A
“convoy” of his friends and acquaintances accompanied him to a
particular crossroads or to the train station if one was near.

American wakes often ranked in importance only slightly lower than
births, marriages, and deaths.

There was an additional factor deeply rooted in Irish folklore that contributed
to the correlation of going to “Americay”, which lay to the west, and
to death. According to ancient voyage tales, the land of the dead lay in the
mythical isles of the west. Western travelers were believed fated to an early
demise. Western rooms were traditionally reserved for older parents who had
already relinquished control of farms to their sons, in other words the most
likely to be the next to die.

Ironically, Tir no nOg, the 

 western “Land of the
Young”, was the place from which no one returned except to wither and die.

Conditions on board were fairly horrific for this long journey. There are accounts of singing and dancing but there was also much hardship and sickness.

The Crossing

Before the 1850’s immigrants from Europe came by sailing ships. The length of the crossings varied according to the winds, tides, and other factors. The estimates for crossings under sail range anywhere from four to twenty-four weeks with an average trip of 8 weeks.

Later ships, still under sail but fitted with paddle wheels and steam engines, took about six weeks.

Steamships started crossing the Atlantic in 1850. The length of a voyage from Bremen to New York by steamer took about seventeen days. By the mid-1860’s most immigrants were coming by steamer. However, up until the 1870’s many people still traveled by sail. Steam ships up until WWI took 2 to 3 weeks. By 1920 the trip across the ocean took one to two weeks.

The overwhelming majority of immigrants traveled in steerage where there was no lighting and passenger were packed in as tightly as space would allow. Steerage passengers had to provide their own bedding. Each passenger got a berth that was 18 inches wide by 6 feet long. The berths were often in tiers up to four rows high. Frequently they were poorly build and rickety. Men and women who were strangers to each other before the start of the journey were berthed together. In 1852 a new law required that men be berthed separately.

The trip was not a dry one. Water seeped into the steerage through holes that were supposed to be for ventilation. Most passengers were sea sick the first few days out and only in rough weather afterwards. It was impossible to come on deck in bad weather. The hatches would be battened down and passengers in steerage would have to remain below in the dark and rocking ship. There was on average one toilet for every hundred passengers. Frequently the toilet was on deck, where they could not be reached in rough weather. Because of the close quarters in which they lived, passengers often suffered from illnesses like trench mouth, body ulcers, and lice. Conditions were frightful. Immigrant ships were recognized by the smell.

Early ships were often called “coffin ships” because of the frightful conditions and the numbers of people who died during the crossings. In 1847, 1,879 immigrants died on the voyage to New York. Eventually government supervision of sanitation regulations improved conditions.

While French and British shipping companies made their passengers cook their own meals, German shipping companies provided meals for their steerage passengers. The menu: Sunday—salt meat, meal pudding and prunes. Monday— salt bacon, pea soup and potatoes. Tuesday—salt meat, rice and prunes. Wednesday—smoked bacon, sauerkraut, and potatoes. Thursday—salt meat, potatoes and bean soup. Friday—Herring, meal and prunes. Saturday—salt bacon, pea soup and potatoes.

(This account comes again from Maggie Land Blanck who has done an enormous amount of research on the topic.)

Each
immigrant passed single file through the registry department. The name, age,
class, nativity, destination, occupation, amount of money, were checked. In
addition questions were asked that applied to the new law. (The new law was meant to weed out “undesirables” like criminals , the very old and the destitute) Anyone suspected of
answering falsely was sent to a separate area for further questioning and
verification.


Hard times indeed!


In 1869 a total of 258,989 people entered the
United States through Castle Gardens. This included:

1.99,605 Germans

2.66,204 Irish

3.41,090 English

4.23,453 Swedes (90% of whom went
west to farm)

5.2,870 French

6.5 Greeks

7.5 Chinese from the Celestial
Empire

8.23 Africans

9.4 Australians

10.        
7 people from Turkey

11.        
2 people from Jerusalem

The 1871 Harpers Weekly article says that many of
the older people arriving from Ireland could not understand or speak anything
but Irish.

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Make yourself  cup of tea. Set aside 25 minutes. Watch this;

Fleadh Cheoil na hEireann 1973

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